Plants of Borneo

Spiny fan palm

Licuala spinosa

This clustering palm has circular fan leaves divided into firm segments with squared-off tips. Spines arm the leaf stalks.

Botanical details
Species
Licuala spinosa
Genus
Licuala
Family
Arecaceae
Spiny fan palm — Licuala spinosa
Spiny fan palm (Licuala spinosa).Eric in SF · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Original

Appearance & recognition

This clustering palm has circular fan leaves divided into firm segments with squared-off tips. Spines arm the leaf stalks. Branched flowering structures hang away from the crown. Unlike feather-leaved nipah, its leaf blade spreads as a segmented fan, a useful visible distinction among palms before considering any food or craft use.

Sources & references · 1National Parks Board Singapore · Licuala spinosa — Flora & Fauna Web

Materials & other uses

NParks documents young leaves as wrappers for ketupat daun palas, associated with festive meals. A wrapper supports cooking and presentation rather than becoming the rice itself. This record should not be transferred automatically to every dish named ketupat: regional wrappers and palm species differ. The distinction keeps a material use precise without inventing an ingredient relationship.

Sources & references · 1National Parks Board Singapore · Licuala spinosa — Flora & Fauna Web

Ecological relationships

Direct observations at Sungai Wain recorded sun bears eating the palm’s fruit, leaf bases or pith, and flowers. Its value to wildlife therefore extends beyond fruit alone.

Sources & references · 1Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · Fredriksson, Wich & Trisno (2006): sun bear fruit diet in Sungai Wain, Appendix 2

Sources & references

National Parks Board Singapore · Licuala spinosa — Flora & Fauna WebAccessed: 2026-10-04

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · Fredriksson, Wich & Trisno (2006): sun bear fruit diet in Sungai Wain, Appendix 2Accessed: 2026-10-04

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