Wildlife of Borneo

Temminck’s sunbird

Aethopyga temminckii

A bright red male sunbird among flowering shrubs in Borneo's hills and mountains.

Species details & taxonomy
Species
Aethopyga temminckii
Genus
Aethopyga
Family
Nectariniidae
Order
Passeriformes
Class
Aves

A red tail and white belly

The male's crimson plumage is set off by a white belly, a long red tail and a dark moustache stripe. These details help distinguish it from a male Crimson Sunbird. Females are much less conspicuous, with a greyish wash on the head, a white belly and a faint rusty tinge to the wings and tail. The song is thin and soft, easily lost among louder forest sounds.

Sources & references · 1Cornell Lab of Ornithology, eBird/Merlin · Temminck's Sunbird identification

Flowers along mountain ridges

Flowering trees and shrubs draw this sunbird into view, particularly mistletoes. During the joint biodiversity expedition in Kayan Mentarang, birds were conspicuous above 1,450 metres at mistletoe and rhododendron bushes on exposed ridges. Adults feeding fledglings were seen at two localities. Those observations connect flowering mountain vegetation with both feeding and family activity, without implying that all populations breed at the same season or elevation.

Sources & references · 1Mardiastuti A. and Soehartono T. (eds.); Ministry of Forestry, WWF Indonesia and ITTO · Joint Biodiversity Expedition in Kayan Mentarang National Park

Watching the flowers

On Borneo, hill and montane forest are useful settings for observation, including flowering vegetation near forest edges. Kinabalu research includes the species in its elevational records, while the Tawai survey also documents it in Sabah. Historical ornithological records from Pulong Tau place it in Sarawak's uplands. Waiting quietly near flowers allows its small shape and quick movements to become easier to follow; the male's red tail and white belly are more helpful than colour alone when other red sunbirds are present.

Sources & references · 3Harris et al.; Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 25:197–247 · Using diverse data sources to detect elevational range changes of birds on Mount Kinabalu, Malaysian BorneoITTO / Sarawak forestry research · An Ornithological Report of Pulong Tau National ParkSabah State Government biodiversity portal · Tawai Forest Reserve expedition bird survey

Where to look

A recorded occurrence does not guarantee a sighting or visitor access. Read the area and experience guides for habitat, responsible observation, guiding and current access before choosing a trip. Keep wildlife at a distance and follow local restrictions.

Places with documented occurrence

Sources & references

Sabah State Government biodiversity portal · Tawai Forest Reserve expedition bird surveyAccessed: 2026-10-04

Cornell Lab of Ornithology, eBird/Merlin · Temminck's Sunbird identificationAccessed: 2026-10-04

Mardiastuti A. and Soehartono T. (eds.); Ministry of Forestry, WWF Indonesia and ITTO · Joint Biodiversity Expedition in Kayan Mentarang National ParkAccessed: 2026-10-04

Harris et al.; Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 25:197–247 · Using diverse data sources to detect elevational range changes of birds on Mount Kinabalu, Malaysian BorneoAccessed: 2026-10-04

ITTO / Sarawak forestry research · An Ornithological Report of Pulong Tau National ParkAccessed: 2026-10-04

Report a correction