Plants of Borneo

Swamp pulai

Alstonia pneumatophora

Swamp pulai can form a tall canopy tree, with buttresses and roots that rise above wet ground. The spoon-shaped leaves stand in whorls of four to six, rather than in the opposite pairs of many mangroves.

Botanical details
Species
Alstonia pneumatophora
Genus
Alstonia
Family
Apocynaceae
Swamp pulai — Alstonia pneumatophora
Swamp pulai (Alstonia pneumatophora).Dr. Nasser Halaweh · iNaturalist · CC BY 4.0 · Original

Appearance & recognition

Swamp pulai can form a tall canopy tree, with buttresses and roots that rise above wet ground. The spoon-shaped leaves stand in whorls of four to six, rather than in the opposite pairs of many mangroves. White flowers develop into long, slender paired fruits; the small seeds carry hairs. These features help distinguish a living Alstonia from other pale-latexed forest trees.

Sources & references · 1National Parks Board Singapore · Alstonia pneumatophora — Flora & Fauna Web

Range & habitat

The species grows in swampy freshwater landscapes in western Malesia, including Borneo. Above-ground roots are an important part of its appearance in poorly aerated soils. Freshwater swamp is different from a saline tidal mangrove: finding water around a tree does not identify its habitat by itself. Swamp jelutung provides another example of an Apocynaceae tree associated with wet forest.

Sources & references · 1National Parks Board Singapore · Alstonia pneumatophora — Flora & Fauna Web

Sources & references

National Parks Board Singapore · Alstonia pneumatophora — Flora & Fauna WebAccessed: 2026-10-04

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